基于刚性壁的非致命易碎弹冲击毁伤数值评估

Numerical evaluation of impact damage by non-lethalfragile projectile based on rigid wall

非致命易碎弹是一种以较高战斗射速下的钝性冲击达到驱散制服目的的非致命弹种,基于刚性壁的毁伤评估方法已被纳入北约相关标准。为了研究非致命易碎弹的冲击毁伤性能,采用光滑粒子流体动力学方法(smoothed paritcle hydrodynamics, SPH)耦合有限元法建立了某型非致命易碎弹冲击刚性壁的数值模型,并对弹体结构、接触关系和材料模型进行优化设置,在与文献实验数据对比验证有效性的基础上,分析了该型弹丸的冲击过程并进行了毁伤数值评估。结果表明:该型弹丸的冲击力主要来自于内填金属颗粒,且峰值冲击力出现在壳体破碎之后;在初速范围内其瞬时冲击应力远小于皮肤穿透阈值,但以超过45.3 m/s的速度击中头部时会造成意识丧失、颅内出血、昏迷等损伤。

The non-lethal fragile projectile is a kind of common non-lethal projectile that can disperse the uniform by means of blunt impact at high firing speed.The evaluation method based on rigid wall has also been included in the NATO standard.To study the impact damage performance of non-lethal fragile projectiles,a numerical model of a type of non-lethal fragile projectile impacting on rigid wall was established by SPH coupled with finite element method.Based on the comparison with the experimental data in literature to verify the effectiveness,the impact process was analyzed and the impact damage was numerically evaluated.The results show that the impact force of the projectile mainly come from the metal particles and the peak impact force occurs after the shell is broken.Within the range of muzzle velocity,its instantaneous impact stress is far less than the threshold of skin penetration,but if it hits the head at a speed of more than 45.3 m/s,it will cause loss of consciousness,intracranial hemorrhage,coma and other injuries.