外阴自发性血肿伴感染1例及相关文献复习

A case of spontaneous hematoma of the vulva with infection and review of relevant literature

目的报道1例因自身免疫性疾病引起的自发性外阴血肿的诊治过程并复习相关文献。方法回顾性分析1例免疫性相关的自发性外阴血肿的临床资料,并复习国内外相关文献,分析自发性外阴血肿的发病机制、诊断与鉴别诊断、治疗方式及相关注意事项。结果本例患者为过敏性紫癜引起的自发性外阴血肿,患者入院时因症状与前庭大腺脓肿相似而被误诊,通过保守治疗无效后行手术治疗,结合术中所见及详细询问病史后明确诊断。结论自发性外阴血肿在临床中发生率低,易发生误诊、误治,应重视详细病史的询问和体格检查,提高诊断能力,避免延误治疗,给患者造成不必要的损伤。

Objective To report the diagnosis and treatment of a case of spontaneous vulvar haematoma due to autoimmune disease and to review relevant literature.Methods The clinical data of 1 case of spontaneous vulvar hematoma associated with immunity were retrospectively analyzed,and the relevant literatures at home and abroad were reviewed to analyze the pathogenesis,diagnosis and differential diagnosis,treatment and related matters for attention.Results This case was a spontaneous vulvar haematoma caused by allergic purpura.The patient was misdiagnosed at the time of admission due to the similarity of symptoms with vestibular gland abscess and underwent surgery after ineffective conservative treatment,and the diagnosis was clarified by combining intraoperative observation and detailed questioning of medical history.Conclusion Spontaneous vulvar haematoma has a low incidence in clinical practice and is prone to misdiagnosis and mistreatment.Emphasis should be placed on detailed history and physical examination to improve diagnostic ability and avoid delayed treatment,which may result in unnecessary injury to the patient.