长大铁路隧道水压光面爆破控制技术

Control technology for hydraulic smooth surface blasting in long railway tunnel

针对成贵铁路猫鲁寺隧道施工难题,隧道处在高地应力、断层破碎带、瓦斯等不良地质条件下的爆破开挖方法,综合理论分析、现场调查等研究方法,在对隧道所处工程和水文地质研判分析的基础上,对爆破开挖方法分析研究,进而提出了隧道水压光面爆破控制掘进技术,明确了爆破相关技术参数、掌子面炮眼布设、炸药起爆方式和网路等。实践证明,依据长大铁路隧道光面水压爆破控制掘进技术组织施工,采用确定的钻爆参数并进行动态必要调整可以很好地完成相应复杂地质的隧道爆破开挖施工,取得控制超挖、降尘增效等方面的可靠效果,从而也很好地提高了瓦斯隧道的施工安全及软弱地质隧道围岩的稳定,为工程的安全、顺利施工打好了技术基础,可为铁路、公路和矿山等类似隧道工程提供很好的参考。

In view of the difficult construction problems of Maolusi Tunnel on Chengdu-Guiyang Railway,the blasting excavation method fou the tunnel is under the adverse geological conditions of high crustal stress,fault fractured zone,gas and so on.Based on the analysis of engineering geology and hydrogeology,the blasting excavation method is analyzed and studied by using the methods of theoretical analysis and field investigation.Then the smooth surface hydraulic blasting technology is put forward,and the blasting control parameters,the layout of tunnel blasting holes,the initiation method and the initiation network are determined.Practice shows that according to the control technology and construction parameters of smooth hydraulic blasting for long railway tunnels,drilling,charging and detonation can be well completed,and better blasting effect can be obtained.The stability and structural safety of tunnel surrounding rock can be well guaranteed,which lays a solid foundation for the smooth construction of the project;at the same time,it also lays a solid foundation for railways,highways and mines other types of projects.The similar tunnel project provides a good reference.