喷施不同营养元素叶面肥对蟠枣缩果病和品质的影响

Effects of foliar fertilizer spraying with different nutrient elements on the fruit shrinkage disease and quality of Ziziphus jujube

为探讨喷施不同营养元素叶面肥对蟠枣(‘京沧1号’)缩果病发病率及品质的影响,对不同叶面肥处理蟠枣缩果病发病率及产量进行了调查,对蟠枣果实外观指标和营养指标进行了测定。结果表明:喷施不同营养元素叶面肥处理后蟠枣缩果病发病率显著降低,蟠枣果实产量、商品率分别较清水(对照组)提高8.73%~27.21%和3.53%~17.94%;除硫酸锰、四硼酸钠、富瑞朋流体硼叶面肥处理外,其他处理蟠枣果实硬度与对照处理差异不显著;喷施不同营养元素叶面肥处理对蟠枣果实色差参数影响差异不显著;喷施不同营养元素叶面肥处理对蟠枣果实中可滴定酸、可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C、总酚和类黄酮含量积累有积极影响。整体看来,氮元素叶面肥对降低蟠枣缩果病发病率、提高蟠枣果实商品率、可滴定酸、可溶性蛋白和总酚含量作用显著,锰元素对提高蟠枣果实产量、硬度、可溶性糖和类黄酮含量作用显著,钾元素叶面肥处理对蟠枣整体作用效果不明显,硼元素叶面肥对提高蟠枣产量,增加蟠枣果实可滴定酸、可溶性蛋白和维生素C含量作用效果明显。因此,该结果可为蟠枣缩果病防控及品质调控提供理论依据和科学参考。

In order to investigate the effects of foliar fertilizer with different nutrient elements on the incidence of fruit shrinkage disease and quality of Ziziphus jujube(Jingcang1),the incidence and yield of fruit shrinkage disease of Ziziphus jujube were investigated in different foliar fertilizer treatment groups,and the fruit appearance and nutrition indexes were measured.The results showed that the incidence of fruit shrinkage disease of Ziziphus jujube was significantly decreased under foliar fertilizer treatment with different nutrient elements,and the fruit yield and commercial rate of Ziziphus jujubem were increased by 8.73%-27.21%and 3.53%-17.94%,respectively,compared with control group.Except for B,E and F treatment,there was no significant difference in fruit hardness between other treatment and CK treatment.Foliar fertilizer treatment with different nutrient elements had no significant effect on fruit color difference parameters.Foliar fertilizer treatment with different nutrient elements had positive effects on the accumulation of titrable acid,soluble sugar,soluble protein,ascorbic acid,total phenols and flavonoids in Ziziphus jujube fruits.Overall,nitrogen foliar fertilizer has significant effects on reducing the incidence of fruit shrinkage disease and increasing the fruit yield,titrable acid,soluble protein,and total phenolic content,manganese has significant effects on increasing fruit yield,hardness,soluble sugar and flavonoid content,potassium foliar fertilizer has no significant effect on the overall effect,boron foliar fertilizer has significant effect on increasing the fruit yield and the content of titrable acid,soluble protein and ascorbic acid.This study can provide theoretical basis and scientific reference for the control and quality control of Ziziphus jujube fruit shrinking disease.