不同有机物料对盐碱地改良效果的研究进展

Research progress on the improvement effects of different organic materials on saline soils

土壤盐碱化是全球影响较大的一种土壤退化形式,对农业生产有着耕作困难、作物减产的影响,而有机物料作为一种可循环利用且副作用较小的资源,是应用于改良盐碱地的较为有效的修复方法。汇总了不同的有机物料(粪肥、植物残体、社会生活副产品和加工产品等)对于盐碱地的改良效果,包括土壤的物理性质(土壤容重、渗透性、孔隙等)、化学性质(土壤养分、pH值、阳离子交换量等)和生物性质(微生物活性、酶活性、微生物丰度等)方面的具体响应。为了进一步改善盐碱地的状况,防止土壤退化,综述了不同有机物料对盐碱地的具体改良效果并总结了物料的使用方法,以期为后续盐碱地改良的研究提供一定理论依据。

Soil salinization is a kind of soil degradation with global impact,which has a greatly negative impact on agricultural production,such as tillage difficulty and crop yield reduction.Organic materials,as a kind of recyclable resource with less side effects,are a relatively effective remediation method applied to improve saline soils.This review summarized that how different organic materials(manure,plant residues,social by-products and processed products,etc.)influence the improvement effect of saline soils,including specific responses in terms physical properties(soil bulk density,permeability,porosity,etc.),chemical properties(soil nutrients,pH value,cation exchange capacity,etc.)and biological properties(microbial activity,enzyme activity,biological abundance,etc.).In order to further improve saline soils and prevent soil degradation,this paper reviewed the specific improvement effects of different organic materials on saline soils and summarises the use of some materials,with a view to providing some theoretical basis for subsequent research on saline soils improvement.