数控机床精度检测与误差补偿技术研究

Research on Accuracy Detection and Error Compensation Technology of CNC Machine Tools

随着制造业向精密化发展,数控机床的精度成为提升产品质量的关键因素。聚焦数控机床在长期使用过程中精度下降的问题,通过精度检测与误差补偿技术的研究,提升机床的加工精度和稳定性。采用的方法包括高频率采样数据分析、多传感器信息融合和智能补偿算法设计,以准确映射和补偿数控机床的系统误差。结果表明,引入的误差补偿模型能够有效识别和修正因热变形、机械磨损而引起的精度损失。该误差补偿技术不仅显著提高了精度检测的准确性,还为机床维护和精度控制提供了切实的方法和依据,进而为数控机床的智能化改造和精密加工提供了有力支持。

As the manufacturing industry advances towards precision,the accuracy of CNC machine tools has become a key factor in improving product quality.This paper focuses on the issue of accuracy degradation in CNC machine tools over extended periods of use,aiming to enhance machining precision and stability through research on accuracy detection and error compensation techniques.The methods adopted in this paper include high-frequency sampling data analysis,multi-sensor information fusion,and the design of intelligent compensation algorithms,to accurately map and compensate for the systemic errors of CNC machine tools.The results indicate that the introduced error compensation model can effectively identify and correct accuracy losses caused by factors such as thermal deformation and mechanical wear.The error compensation technology proposed in this paper not only significantly improves the accuracy of detection but also provides practical methods and bases for machine tool maintenance and accuracy control,offering strong support for the intelligent transformation and precision machining of CNC machine tools.