大跨度大空间建筑灭火救援对策

Countermeasures on Firefighting and Rescue in Buildings with Long Span and Large Space

大跨度大空间建筑火灾具有火势蔓延迅速、毒气烟雾扩散快、内部能见度低、建筑构件容易坍塌、灭火作战展开困难、火场清理破坏性大等特点,通过相关战例总结分析大跨度大空间建筑火灾不同发展阶段应把握的重点,提出加强力量调度、把控火场主要方面、内攻近战有效控火、枪炮协同作战掩护、合理实施现场排烟、加强供水保障、强化安全防范等火灾扑救对策。

Buildings with long span and large space are characterized by rapid fire spread,swift dispersion of toxic gases and smoke,low internal visibility,high susceptibility of structural collapse,formidable challenges in firefight-ing operations,and extensive destruction caused by clearance operations at the scene.Based on the analysis and summary of the relevant cases,this paper analyzes the key points to consider in the different development stages of the long-span and large-space building fire,proposes the emergency response measures and tactical thinking,including strengthening the force deployment,implementing the unit combat concept,conducting in-depth fire reconnaissance,controlling the key aspects of the fire field,accurately grasping the opportunity,effectively control fire in confinement operations,maximizing equipment efficiency,alternating the fire hose nozzles with the firefight-ing monitors,conducting scientific on-site assessment,implementing smoke ventilation measures in a rational man-ner,strengthening water supply support,and reinforcing safety protection.