论短视频版权侵权行为中平台责任的认定

On the Identification of Platform Liability in Short Video Copyright Infringement

长视频版权方与短视频平台之间的矛盾是愈演愈烈的长短视频之争中需要首先解决的问题,短视频版权侵权行为中平台责任的认定亟须得到明确。合理使用情形的排除是平台担责的前提,重点是对“适当引用”条款的理解,应通过非实质性引用和比例原则检验引用是否适当。避风港规则是判断平台是否被归责的标准,红旗原则是排除避风港规则适用的例外。平台对用户上传内容的实质审查义务取决于平台对内容的版权性接触事实或接触可能,但平台对内容的合规审查义务并不必然触发其对内容版权合法性的审查义务。提供网络服务的类型是平台担责的基础,平台身份越靠近网络中介服务提供者,越有可能通过避风港规则免责;反之,平台身份越靠近网络内容提供者,越难以通过避风港规则免责。

The conflict between the long video copyright holder and the short video platform is the first problem that needs to be solved in the growing battle between long and short video,and the identification of the responsibility of the platform in short video copyright infringement needs to be clarified.The exclusion of fair use terms is the premise of the platform's responsibility,and the appropriateness of the reference is tested by the non-substantive reference and proportionality principles.Safe harbor rule is the criterion for judging whether the platform is responsible,and the red flag principle is an exception to the application of the safe harbor rule.The platform’s substantive review obligation for user-uploaded content depends on the platform’s actual or possible access to the content’s copyright,but the platform’s obligation to review content compliance doesn’t necessarily trigger its obligation to review the legality of content copyright.The type of network service provided is the basis for the platform's responsibility.The closer the platform identity is to the internet intermediary service provider,the more likely it is to be exempted by the safe harbor rule;on the contrary,the closer the platform identity is to the content service provider,the more difficult it is to be exempted by the safe harbor rule.