脑卒中后失语症治疗的研究进展

Progress of research on the treatment of post-stroke aphasia

脑卒中后失语症(PSA)是由脑损伤引起的获得性沟通交流障碍,表现为自发言语、重复、命名、听觉理解、阅读和写作等多方面功能障碍。PSA是脑卒中严重的后遗症之一,严重影响患者的生活质量。研究显示,早期言语治疗的介入可以在一定程度上恢复患者功能性沟通的能力。目前已有多种康复技术被应用于PSA的临床治疗。本文通过查阅国内外相关文献,从传统PSA治疗方法以及PSA新疗法两个方面进行归纳总结。其中,传统PSA治疗方法主要介绍了强制性诱导失语症治疗、多模式失语症治疗、音乐疗法、针灸疗法、社会治疗、药物治疗等疗法。近些年出现的PSA治疗新技术主要涉及非侵入性脑刺激、远程康复、虚拟现实、高压氧治疗、光生物调节等疗法。通过上述文献梳理,进一步明确了不同干预方法在治疗PSA中的效果,为PSA的临床诊疗提供更多证据支持。

Post-stroke aphasis(PSA)is an acquired communication disorder caused by brain injury,which is characterized by multiple dysfunctions in spontaneous speech,repetition,naming,auditory comprehension,reading and writing,etc.As one of the serious sequelae of stroke,PSA has been found to seriously affect the quality of life of patients.It has been shown that early speech therapy intervention can restore the patient's ability to communicate functionally to a certain extent.A variety of rehabilitation techniques have been applied to the clinical treatment of PSA.This article summarized the traditional PSA treatment methods and new PSA therapies in this study by reviewing the relevant literature at domestic and abroad.Among them,traditional PSA treatments are mainly introduced as compulsory induced aphasia treatment,multimodal aphasia treatment,music therapy,acupuncture therapy,social therapy,medication and other therapies.The new PSA treatment techniques that emerged in recent years mainly involve therapies such as non-invasive brain stimulation,tele-rehabilitation,virtual reality,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,and photobiomodulation.The above literature was reviewed to further clarify the effectiveness of different intervention methods in the treatment of PSA and to provide more evidence to support the clinical diagnosis and treatment of PSA.