左心耳血栓持续存在患者行左心耳封堵术的可行性:系统性分析

Feasibility of left atrial appendage closure in patients with persistent left atrial appendage thrombus:a systematic analysis

目的 回顾性分析心房颤动合并左心耳血栓持续存在患者行左心耳封堵术的可行性。方法 计算机检索2000年1月1日至2023年6月1日,PubMed、EBSCO、知网、万方等电子数据库中所有关于左心耳血栓患者行左心耳封堵术的摘要或全文。收集了所有患者基线的临床特点、手术相关资料和围术期并发症、随访时的临床结局,对数据汇总进行分析。结果 回顾性纳入了心房颤动合并左心耳血栓持续存在的278例患者,平均年龄为73.2岁,男性占58.6%,平均CHA2DS2-VASc和HAS-BLED评分分别为(4.62±1.23)分和(3.28±0.94)分,既往发生脑卒中的患者中,缺血性脑卒中/短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的患者占74.8%,绝大部分左心耳血栓位于左心耳远端(72.7%)。所有患者均成功置入了左心耳封堵器,Amulet是最常用的左心耳封堵器类型(65%)。术中有118例(42.4%)患者使用了脑保护装置。大多数左心耳封堵术在标准左心耳封堵术的基础上进行了改良。术后1例患者发生TIA,3例(1.08%)患者出现了少量心包积液,但无需引流,主要出血事件3例,其中2例需要输血。纳入研究平均随访时间(6.2±7.1)个月,随访238例,随访期间全因死亡率为1.68%(4/238),发生4例缺血性脑卒中,器械相关血栓12例(12/238,5.04%)。结论 由经验丰富的术者,结合左心耳内血栓位置,采用改良的手术技术和合适的封堵器类型,左心耳血栓持续存在患者行左心耳封堵术是可行的。

s or full-text articles investigating LAAC in patients with atrial fibrillation combined with persistent LAA thrombus from 1 January 2000 to 1 June 2023.Baseline clinical characteristics,procedure-related data and perioperative complications,and clinical outcomes at follow-up were collected.The pooled data were analysed.Results 278 patients with atrial fibrillation combined with persistent LAA thrombus were retrospectively included.The average age was 73.2 years,58.6%male,the mean CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED scores was(4.62±1.23)and(3.28±0.94),respectively.In patients with previous stroke,ischaemic stroke/transient ischaemic attack(TIA)accounted for 74.8%.Most of the patients had a distally located thrombus in the LAA.All cases underwent successful implantation of LAAC devices with some procedural modifications.Amulet was the most commonly used device(65%).A cerebral protection device was used in 118(42.4%)patients.Most LAAC procedures were underwent with some technical modifications.One TIA(0.36%)and 3(1.08%)mild pericardial effusion that did not require drainage occurred post-procedure.There were 3 major bleeding events,and 2 of them required blood transfusion.The mean follow-up was(6.2±7.1)months,with 238 patients followed up.The all-cause mortality was 1.68%(4/238).Four ischemic strokes(4/238,1.68%)and 12(12/238,5.04%)device-related thrombus were noted during the follow-up.Conclusions Percutaneous LAAC procedures appear to be feasible in patients with persistent LAA thrombus when performed by experienced operators with some technical modifications and chose appropriate type of closure device according to the location of thrombus in the LAA.