不同烘烤工艺对多雨烟区烟叶烘烤质量的影响

Effect of Different Curing Techniques on Curing Quality of Tobacco Leaves in Rainy Tobacco-growing Areas

根据变黄期和定色期关键温度点的不同升温、稳温程序设置4个烘烤工艺处理,在气流下降式密集烤房对云烟87不同部位的烟叶开展了烘烤对比试验,结果表明:与处理1(对照)相比,处理2(在变黄中后期按38℃→40℃→42℃的程序升温、稳温,在定色前中期按42℃→45℃→48℃→50℃分步升温、稳温)提高了云烟87各部位初烤烟叶的内在质量、外观质量、等级结构和感官质量,其上中等烟比例平均提高了1.40个百分点,桔黄烟比例平均提高了3.37个百分点,青筋烟比例平均下降了1.50个百分点,中、上部烟叶的感官质量得分分别提高了1.67和2.17分。此外,变黄期不同升温速率会影响云烟87下部烟叶的叶耳是否烤青,但对中部烟叶和上部烟叶无明显影响。定色期不同升温速率对烟叶颜色、光滑僵硬烟叶的产生影响较大。

According to the different heating and stabilizing procedures of the key temperature points in the yellowing and the color fixing period,four baking processes were set up.The comparative baking experiment of tobacco leaves from different parts of Yunyan 87 was conducted in air descend bulk curing barn.The results showed that compared with treatment 1(control),treatment 2(heating and stabilizing in the middle and later stages of yellowing according to the procedure of 38℃→40℃→42℃,and warming and stabilizing in the early and middle stages of color fixing according to the procedure of 42℃→45℃→48℃→50℃)could improve the internal quality,appearance quality,grade structure and sensory quality of primary flue-cured tobacco leaves in all parts of Yunyan 87.The proportion of middle and upper leaves increased by 1.40 percentage points on average.The proportion of orange tobacco average increased by 3.37 percentage points,and the proportion of bluish tendon leaves average decreased by 1.50 percentage points.The sensory quality scores of middle and upper leaves increased by 1.67 points and 2.17 points respectively.The different heating rates in the yellowing period affected the lower leaves auricle of Yunyan 87,but had no significant effect on the middle and upper leaves.Different heating rates in the color fixing period had a greater impact on the color,smooth and rigid of tobacco leaves.