论刑事传唤中的自首认定

On the Determination of Surrender in Criminal Summonses

刑事传唤作为一种侦查机关针对所锁定的犯罪嫌疑人进行调查与讯问的措施,旨在进一步明确具体的犯罪嫌疑人,从而侦破案件。刑事传唤不是刑事强制措施,不具有强制性。刑事传唤中的自首认定存在不同认识,主要在于对刑事传唤形式要件的忽略与对刑事传唤法律属性的错误理解。对刑事传唤的自首认定应采取统一的思考模式,以肯定说为基础。经刑事传唤到案后的自首认定,应从自首制度的立法本意与投案的“自动性”进行分析。“放弃自由理论”可以作为自首法定减免刑事责任事由的根据。对于经传唤到案的犯罪嫌疑人,应评价为自动投案;自动投案后,若能如实供述自身犯罪行为,则可以认定为自首。

The criminal summons,as a measure undertaken by investigative authorities to investigate and interrogate suspects,aims to precisely identify particular suspects,thereby facilitating case solving.Unlike coercive measures,the criminal summons does not entail mandatory enforcement.Divergent interpretations on the selfsurrender within the context of criminal summons stem primarily from overlooking the formal requisites of the process and misunderstanding its legal nature.A uniform analytical framework,grounded in positive assertion,should govern determinations of self-surrender in criminal summons.Post-summons self-surrender assessments ought to consider the legislative intent behind the surrender system and the inherent"automaticity"of surrendering.The"doctrine of renunciation of liberty"can serve as a basis for legally mitigating criminal liability in instances of surrender.Suspects brought in following a summons should be appraised as having voluntarily surrendered;further,if they truthfully disclose their criminal activities subsequent to voluntary surrender,they may be recognized as having surrendered.