山西临汾地区元林核桃适宜采收期初探

Preliminary Study on the Appropriate Harvesting Period of Yuanlin Walnuts in Linfen Area of Shanxi Province

以山西省临汾地区的元林核桃为试验材料,通过研究不同生育期果实品质的动态变化情况,以明确其适宜的采收期。结果表明,随着生育期的延长,元林核桃青果三径均值、坚果三径均值、坚果干重、鲜仁重、干仁重、径仁率、出仁率、脂肪含量、蛋白质含量和不饱和脂肪酸相对含量整体呈增长趋势,含水率、可溶性糖含量、果糖含量和饱和脂肪酸相对含量整体呈下降趋势。花后128 d,坚果三径均值、出仁率和脂肪含量均达到最高值,含水率降到最低值后趋于平稳,可溶性糖含量和果糖含量显著高于前后两个时间节点,不饱和脂肪酸相对含量也达到最高值。因此,不同采收时间对核桃果实品质影响较大,花后128 d为山西临汾地区元林核桃的适宜采收期。

Using Yuanlin walnuts in Linfen area of Shanxi province as experimental materials,the dynamic changes of fruit quality at different growth stages were studied to determine the appropriate harvesting period.The results showed that with the extension of the growth period,the average values of green fruit three diameters,average values of nut three diameters,nut dry weight,fresh kernel weight,dry kernel weight,kernel diameter percentage,kernel emergence rate,fat content,protein content and unsaturated fatty acid relative content of Yuanlin walnut showed an overall increasing trend,while the water content,soluble sugar content,fructose content and saturated fatty acid relative content showed an overall decreasing trend.After 128 days of flowering,the average values of nut three diameters,kernel yield and fat content reached the highest values,while the water content decreased to its lowest value and then stabilized.The soluble sugar content and fructose content were significantly higher than the two time points before and after,and the unsaturated fatty acid relative content content also reached its highest value.Therefore,different harvesting times had a significant impact on the quality of walnut fruit and 128 days after flowering was the suitable harvesting period for Yuanlin walnuts in Linfen area of Shanxi province.