我国藏语支语言的声母:类型及其发展

Initial Consonants of China’s Tibetan Branches:Types and their Development

我国藏语支语言的声母类型复杂多样,历时发展参差不齐,是研究声母类型及其发展变化的极好材料。单辅音声母在现代藏语支语言中的类型较为常见,不少特征值得进一步挖掘。复辅音声母在现代藏语支语言中表现出数量差异较大、类型特征多样、组合搭配不均等特点。二合复辅音声母较为常见,三合复辅音声母和四合复辅音声母较为少见。藏语支语言中的复辅音声母正在向简化方向发展,四合复辅音声母代表着早期的声母类型,三合复辅音声母和二合复辅音声母次之,而单辅音声母代表着较为晚期的声母类型。四合复辅音声母即将退出“历史的舞台”。

The initial consonants of China’s Tibetan branches are complex and diverse in terms of type,and their diachronic development is uneven,making themselves good materials for research on the types of initial consonants and their development.The simple consonants are fairly common in the types of modern Tibetan branches,many features of which deserve further study.The consonant clusters in modern Tibetan branches are featured with varying numbers,diverse types,and uneven combination and pairing.The diphthong consonants are relatively common while the triadic consonants are quite few,much fewer for quadruple consonants.The consonant clusters of Tibetan branches are moving towards simplification,the quadruple consonants represent the early consonant types,followed by the triadic consonants and the diphthong consonants,and the simple consonants stand for the late consonant types.The quadruple consonants will exit from“the history stage”.