健步对工作人群健康指标影响的Meta分析与健步方案

Meta-analysis of the Influence of Walking on Health Indicators ofWorking People and Walking Plan

目的:探索健步对BMI、心率、收缩压、舒张压、体脂率5个指标的影响作用,根据文献推荐的健步量,结合健身指南制订适宜工作人群的科学健步方案。方法:检索中国知网、万方、PubMed和Web of science数据库中健步强度对工作人群健康指标影响的相关文献,对纳入文献进行方法学质量评估后,采用Revman5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:Meta分析显示,健步可降低工作人群的BMI(SMD=-0.18,95%CI[-0.35,-0.02])、心率(SMD=-1.65,95%CI[-3.36, 0.06])、收缩压(SMD=-4.29,95%CI[-5.66,-2.93])、舒张压(SMD=-2.11,95%CI[-3.12,-1.10])和体脂率(SMD=-0.44.95%CI[-1.14,-0.25]),在降低心率方面还需更多实验周期较长、同质性更好的研究提供更强的佐证。在健步方案的推荐上,各文献普遍推荐的健步阈值为10 000步/天或60min,但未设定健步强度。结论:健步有利于调降工作人群的BMI、心率、收缩压、舒张压和体脂率,结合相关健身指南制订适宜工作人群的长期健步方案为:第1周进行3次20min慢走(3.5km/h),第2周进行3次40min慢走、2次40min快走(4.5km/h),后续保持每周6次60min的健步强度,以改善工作人群健康,为科学健步提供社会指引。

Objective:This study aims to explore the effects of walking on BMI,HR,SBP,DBP and BFP,and to formulate a scientific walking plan suitable for working people according to the amount of walking recommended by literature and combined with fitness guidelines.Methods:Literature on the impact of walking on health indicators of working population was retrieved from CNKI,Wanfang,PubMed and Web of science databases.After the methodological quality assessment of the included literature,Meta analysis was performed by Revman5.3.Result:Meta-analysis showed that brisk walking could reduce BMI(SMD=-0.18,95%CI[-0.35,-0.02]),HR(SMD=-1.65,95%CI[-3.36,0.06]),SBP(SMD=-4.29,95%CI[-0.35,-0.02]),DBP(SMD=2.11,95%CI[3.12,1.10]),and the BFP(SMD=-0.44.95%CI[1.14,0.25])in working population.More studies with longer trial periods and better homogeneity are needed to provide stronger evidence for lowering heart rate.In the recommendation of the walking plan,the walking threshold is generally recommended by various literatures as 10000 steps/day or 60min,but the walking intensity is not set.Conclusion:Walking is beneficial to reduce BMI,HR,SBP,DBP and BFP of working people.Combined with relevant fitness guidelines,the long-term walking program suitable for working people is as follows:three times of 20min slow walking(3.5km/h)were carried out in the first week,three times of 40min slow walking and two times of 40min fast walking(4.5km/h)were carried out in the second week,and then the intensity of 60min walking was maintained six times a week,so as to improve the health of working people and provide social guidance for scientific walking.