“双减”背景下青少年参与校外体育活动因素特征及影响效应研究

Research on Factors and Effect of Teenagers’ Participation in Outside SchoolSports Activities Under the Background of “Double Reduction”

随着“双减”政策推进以及校外体育活动的迅速发展,青少年参加校外体育活动的因素特征及影响效应是有待深入思考的现实问题。研究以中国教育追踪调查(CEPS)问卷对286名12~16周岁青少年学生开展问卷调查,运用倾向值得分匹配法(PSM),深入探讨青少年参与校外体育活动影响因素及其对非认知能力的影响效应。研究表明,青少年参与校外体育活动的主要影响因素包括家庭环境和个性特征。家庭环境主要体现在父母教育水平、工作类别和经济条件,个性特征主要体现在性别、认知能力和兴趣爱好。校外体育活动对于青少年自我规制、自我效能、情绪调节以及社会交往能力的发展具有显著影响,同时对于自我效能和社会交往能力的影响效应高于自我规制和情绪调节能力。建议充分认识非认知能力对于青少年发展的价值功能,充分发挥父母的积极引导作用。将非认知能力逐步纳入学生综合素养评价体系,充分发挥评价的杠杆作用。规范校外体育活动机构准入与活动开展,为青少年非认知能力的提升创设良好校外环境。

With the promotion of the“double reduction”policy and the rapid development of outside school sports activities,the factor characteristics and influence effects of teenagers’participation in outside school sports activities are practical problems that need to be deeply considered.Based on the China education panel survey(CEPS)questionnaire,this paper investigates 286 young students aged 12~16,and explores the influencing factors of teenagers’participation in out of school sports activities and their effects on non-cognitive ability by using the propensity score matching method(PSM).The research shows that the main influencing factors of teenagers’participation in outside school sports activities include family environment and personality characteristics.Family environment is mainly reflected in parents’education level,job category and economic conditions,and personality characteristics are mainly reflected in gender,cognitive ability and interests.Outside school sports activities have a significant impact on the development of teenagers’self-regulation,self-efficacy,emotion regulation and social communication ability,and the impact effect on self-efficacy and social communication ability is higher than that of self-regulation and emotion regulation ability.It is suggested to deeply understand the value function of non-cognitive ability for the development of adolescents and give full play to the positive guiding role of parents.Gradually incorporate non-cognitive ability into the comprehensive quality evaluation system of students,and give full play to the leverage of evaluation.Regulate the access and activities of out of school sports institutions,and create a good out of school environment for the improvement of teenagers’non-cognitive ability.