基于MCR模型的围场县小滦河流域生态安全格局识别

Identification of ecological security pattern of Xiaoluanhe River Basin in Weichang County,Hebei Province of northern China based on MCR model

【目的】识别和评价区域生态安全格局,能为优化区域生态系统要素,改善区域生态安全状况提供重要依据。【方法】本文利用InVEST模型,测算围场县小滦河流域碳固持、生境质量、水土保持和水源涵养4项重要生态系统服务功能,对该区域的生态系统服务功能进行综合评价,并利用最小累计阻力模型(MCR)构建该区域的潜在生态廊道。【结果】全域共识别14个生态源地,构建34条生态廊道,其中19条廊道重要性较高。围场县小滦河流域南、中、北部的综合生态服务功能和生态源地的空间分布格局差异显著。南部低山区森林面积较大,综合生态系统服务功能较高,生态廊道网络较为密集。中部农牧区的人为干扰较严重,对南、北部间生态过程造成阻碍。北部邻近塞罕坝林场区域4项重要的生态系统服务功能较高,存在一些面积较大的生态源地,生态廊道重要性较高。小滦河流域整体生态连通性不高,除河流本身外,沟通南、北部的唯一生态廊道位于流域东部边缘,对区域安全格局具有重要作用。【结论】围场县小滦河流域南部、中部和北部区域的生态系统服务功能具有较大差异,生态安全格局研究结果能为制定相应区域适宜的生态保护修复策略提供理论参考。

[Objective]Ecological security pattern can provide important basis for optimizing various elements of ecological system and improving regional ecological security.[Method]In this paper,four important ecosystem service functions,i.e.,carbon sequestration,habitat quality,soil conservation,and water conservation were calculated using the InVEST model in the Xiaoluanhe River Basin of Weichang County,Hebei Province of northern China.And a comprehensive evaluation of ecosystem service functions in the region was carried out.The minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model was used to construct ecological corridors in this area.[Result]Within the region,14 ecological sources were identified,and 34 ecological corridors were constructed,of which 19 were of high importance.Comprehensive ecological service function and the spatial distribution pattern of ecological source in the south,middle and north parts of the Xiaoluanhe River Basin in Weichang County were significantly different.The forest area in the southern mountainous area was large,the comprehensive ecosystem service function was high,and the ecological corridor network was dense.The human disturbance in the central agricultural and pastoral areas was serious,which had hindered the ecological processes between the south and north.In the northern area near the Saihanba Forest Farm,four important ecosystem service functions were relatively high,and there were some large ecological sources,and the importance of ecological corridors was high.The overall ecological connectivity of the Xiaoluan River Basin was not high.Apart from the river itself,the only ecological corridor connecting the south and north was located on the eastern edge of the basin,which plays an important role in the regional security pattern.[Conclusion]The ecosystem service function and ecological security pattern of the southern,central and northern areas of the Xiaoluanhe River Basin in Weichang County differ greatly,and the security pattern constructed can provide theoretical reference for formulating appropriate ecological conservation and restoration strategies in each part of the region.