川芎-天麻对血管性认知障碍大鼠学习记忆的改善作用研究

Effects of the Extract of LigusticumWallichii and Gastrodia Elata on the Improvement of Learning and Memory in Vascular Dementia Rats

为探讨川芎-天麻提取物对血管性认知障碍(VCI)大鼠学习记忆的改善作用及机制。本研究采用两血管阻断法(Two-vessel occlusion,2-VO)复制VCI模型,造模成功后随即分为模型组、阳性药组、高剂量组、低剂量组和假手术组。假手术组、模型组灌服蒸馏水,阳性药组灌服0.45 mg/(kg·d)盐酸多奈哌齐,高、低剂量组分别以3 g/(kg·d)、1.5 g/(kg·d)灌服提取物,给药56 d后,水迷宫和社交行为检测各组大鼠行为学;ELISA法检测乙酰胆碱含量和乙酰胆碱脂酶活性。结果表明,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠空间学习记忆能力、探索能力和社交能力下降;水迷宫试验结果显示,逃避潜伏期明显延长(P <0.01),穿越平台次数明显缩短(P <0.01);社交行为结果显示,接触时间和接触次数显著减少(P<0.05);脑内乙酰胆碱表达水平下调,乙酰胆碱酯酶活力值表达水平上调(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,高剂量组大鼠空间学习记忆能力、探索能力和社交能力明显改善,表现为逃避潜伏期明显缩短,穿越平台次数及在原平台停留时间均明显增加,社交接触时间和接触次数显著增加(P<0.05)。脑内乙酰胆碱表达水平上调和乙酰胆碱酯酶表达水平下调(P <0.05)。川芎-天麻提取物可干预大鼠脑内乙酰胆碱表达,改善VCI大鼠学习与记忆能力。

To investigate the effects and mechanisms of Chuanxiong-Tianma extracts on learning and memory in rats with Vascular cognitive impairment(VCI).A VCI model was established using the two-vessel occlusion method(Two-vessel occlusion,2-VO).After successful modeling,the rats were divided into the model group,positive drug group,high-dose group,low-dose group,and sham operation group.The sham operation and model groups received distilled water,the positive drug group received 0.45 mg/(kg d)of donepezil hydrochloride,and the high and low-dose groups received extracts at doses of 3 g/(kg d)and 1.5 g/(kg d),respectively.After 56 days of treatment,the Morris water maze and social behavior tests were conducted to evaluate the rats'behavior;acetylcholine levels and acetylcholinesterase activity were measured using ELISA.Compared with the sham operation group,the model group exhibited decreased spatial learning memory,ex-ploratory abilities,and social interaction.This was evident as the Morris water maze results showed a significantly prolonged escape latency(P<0.01),a shortened number of platform crossings(P<0.01),and the social behavior test results showed significantly reduced contact time and number of contacts(P<0.05).Acetylcholine expression in the brain was downregulated,and acetylcholinesterase activity was up-regulated(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the high-dose group showed significant improvements in spatial learning memory,exploratory abilities,and social interaction,indicated by a significantly shortened escape latency,increased number of platform crossings and time spent on the original platform,and significantly increased social contact time and number of contacts(P<0.05).The expression level of acetylcholine in the brain was upregulated and that of acetylcholinesterase was downregulated(P<0.05).Chuanxiong-Tianma ex-tract can intervene in the expression of acetylcholine in rat brains,improving learning and memory abilities in VCI rats.