基于“脱碳”视角的中国省际低碳效率时空分异研究

Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Low-Carbon Efficiency among Provinces in China from the Perspective of“Decarbonization”

低碳效率是衡量区域可持续发展水平的重要指标,而脱碳视角更多关注各省份经济增长过程中能源资源碳排放的背离程度。论文使用2011—2020年全国各省份面板数据,利用各省份CO_(2)净排放量和地区实际GDP之间的脱钩弹性系数对中国各省份进行脱碳视角分类,采用超效率SBM模型从省域角度计算全国的低碳效率,运用核密度函数和泰尔指数研究各省份在脱碳视角下的低碳效率时空分异特征。研究结果表明,我国目前存在低碳效率总体不断提高,但低碳效率时空发展不均衡的现状。三大碳排放类型省份空间差异性整体保持由大到小的演变趋势,低碳成长型省份空间差异变化幅度最小。未来,全国各省份要充分发挥低碳自主性,不断调整能源结构、继续转变产业结构、多手段增加森林碳汇,在新时代生态文明建设背景下,为建设美丽中国、实现绿色增汇保驾护航。

Low-carbon efficiency is an important index to measure the level of regional sustainable development;however,from the perspective of decarbonization,we pay more attention to the deviation degree of carbon emissions of provinces in the process of economic growth.With data from 2011 to 2020,we classify the provinces in China from the perspective of decarbonization based on the elasticity coefficient of decoupling between CO_(2)emissions and GDP.The super-efficiency SBM model is used to calculate the national low-carbon efficiency from a provincial perspective,and the spatial and temporal characteristics of low-carbon efficiency from a decarbonization perspective are studied by the nuclear density function and the Theil index.The results indicate that lowcarbon efficiency in our country has been increasing in general,but the development of low-carbon efficiency is not balanced in time and space.The spatial difference between the three major carbon emission types in provinces maintains the trend of evolution from large to small.The low-carbon growth provinces have the smallest variation in spatial differences.In the future,provinces should give full play to their low-carbon autonomy,continuously adjust their energy and industrial structures,and increase forest carbon sequestration by multiple means for building a beautiful China and increasing green foreign exchange.