“新文科”背景下的中医汉语教学改革探究

Exploration of Teaching Reform of Chinese of TCM under the Background of“New Liberal Arts”

“新文科”的提出是新时代教育现代化对高质量教育发展要求的新凝练,“新文科”新在新使命、新思想、新技术、新交叉,而这一理念与中医汉语专业具有中医学、语言学、教育学、文学等多个学科交叉特征高度契合。结合南昌医学院的中医汉语教学实践,五个基本理论问题亟须关注:第一,课程设置分级,根据汉语二语学习者的汉语水平分级设置,主要分为:初级课程、中级课程、高级课程;第二,教学语言多样,兼顾“单语”和“双语”,即中外结合的“双语型”和本土为主的“单语型”;第三,人才培养分类,兼顾语言知识、文化内容和专业发展,即三种人才培养模式共存:语言接触型、文化理解型和专业实用型;第四,师资因需配置,兼顾“语言为主,中医为辅”与“中医为主,语言为辅”两大配置类型;第五,教师素养多重标准,专业结构多元化。中医汉语既是作为国际专门用途中文教育的重要组成部分,更是中医文化国际推广与传播的重要形式。在“新文科”背景下,以中文为纽带,积极带动中医学与教育学等多个交叉学科的新发展,进一步增强中华文明的传播力。

The proposition of“new liberal arts”is a new refinement of the requirements of the educational modernization in the new era for the development of high-quality education.The concept of“new liberal arts”is new in missions,ideas,technologies,and intersections,and this is highly consistent with the speciality of Chinese of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)which has cross disciplinary characteristics of Chinese medicine,linguistics,pedagogy,literature,and other several disciplines.Based on the teaching practice of Chinese of TCM in Nanchang Medical College,this paper believes that five basic theoretical issues need to be focused on.Firstly,the grading of courses should be made based on the Chinese level of second language learners of Chinese and mainly include elementary course,intermediate course and advanced course.Secondly,the teaching language is diversiform with monolingual and bilingual teaching,namely,bilingual teaching combining Chinese and foreign languages and monolingual teaching focusing on the local language.Thirdly,the categories of talent cultivation contain language knowledge,cultural content and professional development,with the coexistence of three talent cultivation modes including language contact,cultural understanding and professional practice.Fourthly,the allocation of teachers is set according to requirement,and gives consideration to“mainly focusing on language and supplementing by TCM”as well as“mainly concentrating on TCM and supplementing by language”.Fifthly,the"double standard"of teachers’s quality and diversified professional structure are set.Chinese of TCM is not only an essential part of international Chinese education for specific purpose,but also an important form of the international promotion and dissemination of TCM culture.Under the background of“new liberal arts”,with Chinese as the link,the new development of multiple cross disciplines such as TCM and pedagogy will be actively promoted,and the spread of Chinese civilization will be further enhanced.