空化条件下泵快速启动过程的等效电路模拟

The Simulation of Cavitation Pump Quick Start Process by Equivalent Circuit

空化可能导致水力系统中出现压力振荡以及弥合水锤等问题,对水力系统形成安全隐患。传统的水柱分离模型基于一元理论,无法准确预测泵等水力机械的空化过程及其对系统的影响,而一维管路系统与三维流场的耦合计算方法计算工程量巨大且稳定性不高,因此寻找一种快速、简易、稳定良好的水力系统空化模拟方法很有必要。基于等效电路法,使用MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真模拟软件对水力元件及空泡建模,并利用三维稳态空化流动计算获得空化特性参数,模拟3种典型工况下水泵开阀启动的过渡过程,分析水力参数动态特性及空化特性,并与实验数据以及一维管路系统与三维空化流场耦合计算结果进行对比。结果表明,该方法可以比较准确地预测水泵快速启动过程中泵内空化体积、泵进出口压力及流量的变化过程,且所需计算时间短,计算稳定性好。

Solving cavitation problems by the Method of Characteristic and 1D/3D coupling method is time-consuming and not stably enough.So it’s necessary to find a new method of cavitation simulation with high efficiency and stability,simultaneously ensure the accuracy requirements.At present,the circuit calculation method is nearly perfect,which can save time and resources.This simulation bases on the equivalent circuit method with simulation software called MATLAB/SIMULINK.The cavitation component was introduced first.Then,the pump starting process were simulated by equivalent circuit method.This method was proved precisely through comparing the results of experiment and 1D/3D coupling method.In addition,this method has certainly engineering significance with high efficiency and good stability.However,the equivalent circuit method must be used in conjunction with CFD calculation for pump characteristics.there are also some difficulties to be studied and improved,such as the selection of characteristic curve.