县域教育的兜底功能:社会基础与实现路径

The Bottom-Line Function of Education in the County Region:Social Foundation and Realization Path

县域教育深嵌在县域社会之中,既要承担一般化的教育功能,还要回应县域社会独特的教育需求。由于县域社会主要是乡村社会,当前乡村社会从整体走向碎片、农民家庭从完整走向分割、隔代教育的社会功能不齐全、教育城镇化加剧乡村学校衰败等社会变迁,使得县域教育中家庭主体、社会主体缺位,导致一些重要的教育功能无法实现,使县乡的孩子们的权利受到侵害,给其成长带来不良影响。为此,县乡学校要对县乡孩子们的教育进行权利和责任兜底。要实现教育兜底功能,县域教育就要集中力量办好乡校、县中及县域职业学校要向多中心教育目标转型,以确保县乡的孩子们有平等的机会和权利通过县域教育走出县乡,成为有知识、懂规范、人格健全、适应社会的人。

Education at the county level takes rot in the county society performing the general function of education and responding to the unique education requirements of related society as well.County societies composed mainly of rural communities going from the whole to fragmentation,rural households going from complete ones to separation,generationskipping education being incompetent in its social functions,urbanized education leading to deteriorating rural schools,education being castrated of its education functions except examination function in rural junior high schools,all lead to the absence of the family subject and the social subject,some educational functions unable to be realized,harming the equal education rights of children in such regions,negatively impacting their growth.Bottom lines are thus to be set for county schools as regard children's education rights and responsibilities.For these bottom-line functions to be realized,countylevel education must focus its attention on building commune schools,county middle schools,county professional schools,which are to be transformed to multiple focuses to safeguard children's equal education rights in such regions for them to get out and to become knowledgeable,norm-enlightened,personality-sound,and adaptable to society.