大型机械化煤矿清洁环境吹喷协同除尘技术研究——以裕丰煤矿为例

Blowing and Spraying Cooperative Dust Removal Technology for Clean Environment in Large Mechanized Coal Mines:Take Yufeng Coal Mine as an Example

为减少综采工作面粉尘污染,研制了安装在液压支架上的吹喷协同除尘器,与除尘器喷雾方向相同的高速气流能够提高除尘有效范围,同时高质量的喷雾和风幕有效提高了除尘效率。基于全尺寸综采工作面局部模型,对吹喷协同除尘器的喷雾过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明:当液压马达关闭,喷雾压力从2 MPa增加到5 MPa时,Q段优质喷雾场(粉尘质量浓度>10 g/m^(3))覆盖面积占比从3.62%(2 MPa)迅速增加到32.47%(5 MPa);开启液压马达后,Q段优质喷雾场覆盖面积占比提高到85.6%,表明在高速气流的作用下综采工作面喷雾场的有效覆盖面积大大提升。现场应用结果表明,采煤机前后滚筒吹喷协同除尘器启动后,采煤机驾驶员所在位置的呼吸性粉尘质量浓度降至19.7 mg/m^(3),降尘率为90.3%,除尘效果良好。

To reduce dust pollution in fully mechanized working surfaces,a blowing and spraying cooperative dust collector on hydraulic support was developed.The high-speed airflow in the same direction as the spray of the dust collector could increase the effective range of dust removal,and the high-quality spray and air curtain could effectively improve the dust removal efficiency.Based on the local model of full-scale fully mechanized mining faces,the numerical simulation of the spraying process of the blowing and spraying cooperative dust collector was carried out.The results showed that,when turning off the hydraulic motor,the spray pressure increased from 2 MPa to 5 MPa and the coverage area of the high-quality spray field in section Q(mass concentration>10 g/m^(3))rapidly increased from^(3).62%(2 MPa)to 32.47%(5 MPa);when turning on the hydraulic motor,the coverage area increased to 85.6%,indicating the great increase of the effective coverage area on the fully mechanized mining face under the action of high-speed airflow.Field application showed that,after the startup of the blowing and spraying collaborative dust collector of the front and rear drum of the shearer,the mass concentration of respirable dust at the driver’s position dropped to 19.7 mg/m^(3),the dust reduction rate was 90.3%,with a good dust removal effect.