围产期孕期饮食营养干预指导对妊娠期糖尿病孕妇体重及妊娠结局的影响

Influence of perinatal dietary nutrition intervention on weight and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:探讨围产期孕期饮食营养干预指导对妊娠期糖尿病(Gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM)孕妇体重及妊娠结局的影响。方法:选取本院2022年1月至2023年1月期间收治的GDM孕妇98例作为研究对象。以随机数字表法将患者分为对照组和研究组,各49例。对照组给予常规营养管理,研究组采用孕期饮食营养干预指导。分析比较两组干预前(孕28 w)、后(分娩前)血糖控制情况(空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖),比较干预前(孕28 w)、干预后(分娩前)的体重变化及母婴不良妊娠结局。结果:干预后,研究组空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);分娩前体重显著低于对照组(P<0.05);母婴不良妊娠结局总发生率(10.20%)显著低于对照组(53.06%)(P<0.05)。结论:围产期对GDM孕妇进行孕期饮食营养干预指导,可有效调控孕妇血糖水平,控制孕妇体重,改善母婴不良妊娠结局。

Objective:To investigate the effects of perinatal dietary nutrition intervention on weight and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:98 pregnant women with GDM who were admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the study objects.The patients were divided into control group and study group with 49 cases in each group.The control group was given routine nutrition management,and the study group was given dietary nutrition intervention guidance during pregnancy.The blood glucose control(fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose)of the two groups before intervention(28 weeks of pregnancy)and after delivery were analyzed and compared,and the weight changes and adverse pregnancy outcomes of the mother and the child before intervention(28 weeks of pregnancy)and after intervention(before delivery)were compared.Results:After intervention,fasting blood glucose and 2 h postprandial blood glucose in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The body weight before delivery was significantly lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes(10.20%)was significantly lower than that of the control group(53.06%)(P<0.05).Conclusion:Perinatal dietary nutrition intervention guidance for pregnant women with GDM can effectively regulate the level of blood sugar,control the weight of pregnant women,and improve the adverse pregnancy outcome of maternal and infant.