典型水网地区城镇化与农村空心化影响因素研究--以苏州市吴江区为例

新型城镇化建设过程中,农民在经济理性的驱使下离村进城,导致城镇化与农村空心化现象同时出现。该文运用信息熵及综合评价法,以苏州市吴江区作为研究区,对其城镇化与农村空心化水平进行测度。并运用系统动力学探究影响这一演变关系的因素。结果表明,2000—2021年吴江区城镇化水平持续增长,城镇化呈现“外高内低”的空间分异特征,农村空心化呈现“南北差异明显-无序变化-中间低两头高”的空间格局变化。城镇化水平主要取决于第三产业产值占比、工业产值等因素,农村空心化程度主要受农村农业从业人员和经济发展水平影响。其中经济因素是影响城镇化与农村空心化协调发展的关键性因素,城市和农村的发展建设都需要经济的支撑。

In the process of new urbanization construction,farmers are driven by economic rationality to leave the village and enter the city,resulting in the simultaneous emergence of urbanization and rural hollowing out.This paper uses information entropy and comprehensive evaluation method to measure the level of urbanization and rural hollowing in Wujiang District of Suzhou City and uses system dynamics to explore the factors that affect this evolution relationship.The results show that:From 2000 to 2021,the urbanization level of Wujiang District continues to grow,the urbanization shows the spatial differentiation of"high outside and low inside",and the rural hollowing out shows the spatial pattern of"obvious difference between north and south-disorderly change-low in the middle and high at both ends";The level of urbanization mainly depends on the proportion of tertiary industry output value,industrial output value and other factors.The degree of rural hollowing out is mainly affected by the level of rural agricultural personnel and economic development.Among them,the economic factor is the key factor affecting the coordinated development of urbanization and rural hollowing out,and the development and construction of both urban and rural areas need economic support.