新疆木本植物区系分析

Flora Anlaysis of Woody Plant Resources in Xinjiang Area

为了充分掌握新疆木本植物资源,明确木本植物区系成分,通过实地调查,采用样线法对新疆区内木本植物进行全面调查,并对标本进行采集和鉴定,从而对科、属、种的区系进行全面分析。结果表明,新疆共有木本植物434种2亚种36变种1变型,隶属于37科115属,其中裸子植物有3科6属18种,被子植物有34科109属416种。本区木本植物的种类趋向于集中在有限的少数科内,单属科和单种科居多。从生活型来看,乔木46种,灌木260种最为丰富,半灌木及小半灌木122种,木质藤本仅6种。新疆木本植物属的地理成分以北温带分布及变型为主(49属,45.57%),其次是地中海、西亚至中亚分布及变型(19属,18.45%)、中亚分布及其变型(17属,15.50%),表明本区木本植物区系具有非常明显的温带性质干旱属性两大基本特点,这也与新疆所处的气候地理环境是高度一致的。

In order to fully grasp the woody plant resources in Xinjiang,the composition of the woody flora was clearly defined.Through field investigation,a comprehensive survey of the woody plants in Xinjiang was carried out by using line transmutation method,and the specimens were collected and identified,so as to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the flora of families,genera and species.The results showed that there were 434 species,2 subspecies,36 varieties and 1 variant of woody plants in Xinjiang,belonging to 37 families and 115 genera,among which there were 18 species of gymnosperms in 3 families,6 genera and 416 species of angiosperms in 34 families and 109 genera.The species of woody plants in this area tend to be concentrated in a limited number of families,single genera and single species families are the majority.From the perspective of life type,there are 46 species of trees,260 species of shrubs,122 species of semi-shrubs and small semi-shrubs,and only 6 species of woody vines.The geographical composition of the woody plant genera in Xinjiang is mainly in the northern temperate zone(49 genera,45.57%),followed by the Mediterranean,West Asia-Central Asia(19 genera,18.45%),and Central Asia(17 genera,15.50%),indicating that the woody flora in this region has two basic characteristics:temperate and arid.This is also highly consistent with the climate and geographical environment of Xinjiang.