饲用玉米镰孢菌毒素污染控制

Control Measures of Fusarium Toxins in Forage Maize

玉米是全球主要的粮食作物之一,我国是世界第二大玉米生产国,也是玉米进口国。在玉米总产量中,饲用玉米占比高达63%。镰孢菌毒素是影响饲用玉米品质,导致浪费的主要原因。控制饲用玉米中镰孢菌毒素污染对于降低养殖成本,保障食品安全和提升我国玉米在国际上的竞争力具有重要意义。本文分析了饲用玉米种植、收获、运储和加工过程中镰孢菌毒素污染关键控制点,以及采取的相应控制措施。饲用玉米全产业链镰孢菌毒素的污染控制应以田间为源头,从产地环境到品种选择、从栽培技术到田间管理,都要建立标准化操作规程;收获、干燥、运输、贮藏中间环节需明确条件与要求,降低加工过程毒素浓缩风险;加快建立饲料脱霉剂标准评价体系,从而推动脱霉剂市场良性发展,以此保障饲用玉米品质。

Maize is one of the world s main food crops,China is the world's second largest producer of maize,is also a maize importer,in the total output of maize,feed maize accounted for 63%.Fusarium toxin affects the quality and safety of forage maize and leads to waste.Controlling Fusarium toxins pollution in forage maize is of great significance to reduce the feed cost,ensure the food safety and enhance the competitiveness of maize in the world.In this paper,the critical control points of Fusarium toxins contamination during the planting,harvesting,transportation,storage and process of the forage maize were analyzed to provide suggestions for controlling Fusarium toxin pollution.The control of Fusarium toxin pollution in the whole forage maize industry chain should trace to the field.Standardized operating procedures should be established from the origin environment to variety selection and from cultivation technology to field management.Conditions and requirements should be clearly defined in the middle links of harvesting,drying,transportation and storage,so as to reduce the risk of toxin concentration during processing and accelerate the establishment of a standard evaluation system for feed demildew agents.Thus promoting the benign development of mildew r emoval agent market,in order to ensure the quality of forage maize.