多波环形激光器密封钉焊接工艺优化

Optimization of Multi-Wave Annular Laser Sealing Stud Welding Process

随着新能源汽车行业的发展,对动力电池焊接质量提出了更高要求。为解决铝合金电池密封钉采用传统激光焊接时出现的裂纹、气孔等缺陷问题,并提高生产效率,采用自主研发的多波环形光斑光纤激光器对2 mm厚的3003铝合金盖板和0.95 mm厚的密封钉进行焊接,研究了在一定焊接速度下内外环焊接功率、离焦量等主要工艺参数对焊缝成形的影响。试验结果表明,在40 mm/s焊接速度下,光纤(内环)功率500 W,半导体(外环)功率1 700 W,离焦量1.5 mm时,焊缝熔深达0.6 mm,熔宽1.2 mm,此时焊接效果最优,焊缝各位置熔深一致性高,焊接飞溅极小且无炸点、气孔、裂纹等缺陷。通过样品焊接试验,验证了该焊接工艺的稳定性和可靠性。

To address the issues of cracks and pores in aluminum alloy battery sealing nails during traditional laser welding processes and to enhance production efficiency,we employed a self-developed multi-wavelength ring fiber laser to weld 2 mm thick 3003 aluminum alloy cover plates and 0.95 mm thick sealing nails.The study investigated the impact of key pro‐cess parameters such as inner and outer ring welding power and defocusing amount on the weld formation at a constant welding speed.The experimental results show that at a welding speed of 40 mm/s,with an optical fiber(inner ring)power of 500 W,a semiconductor(outer ring)power of 1700 W,and a defocusing amount of+1.5 mm,the weld penetration reached 0.6 mm,and the weld width was 1.2 mm,resulting in the optimal welding effect.At this point,the consistency of the melt depth at various positions of the weld was high,with minimal welding spatter and no explosion points,pores,or cracks.Fur‐thermore,actual sample welding tests demonstrated the stability and reliability of the welding process.