基于街道单元的北京中心城区碳排放时空变化研究

Research on Spatiotemporal Changes of Carbon Emissions Based on Sub-district Units in Beijing City

以北京市第六次和第七次人口普查数据为基础,按照街道人口分布,估算中心城区121个街道(乡镇)的碳排放,通过运用空间自相关法,并结合街道单元的主导用地功能,分析了2010—2020年这些街道单元的碳排放时空变化特征。结果显示:1)中心城区街道的碳排放总体呈下降趋势,但不同街道的降碳效果差异显著;2)街道单元的主导用地功能被划分为5种单一功能单元和10种混合功能单元,它们的降碳效果存在差异;3)在降碳效果方面,单一功能单元转变为以景观休闲为主导时,降碳效果最为显著,当混合功能单元转变为以商业、居住、产业或公共服务为主导的单一功能时,降碳效果受到一定的抑制;4)以公共—居住和商业—居住混合功能为主导的高碳排放街道单元在空间上有聚集效应,景观休闲功能对于维持街道单元低碳排放状态有一定的积极作用。

Based on the data from the 6th and 7th population censuses of Beijing,the carbon emissions of 121 sub-districts in the central urban area of Beijing were estimated according to the distribution of street population.By using spatial autocorrelation method and combining with the dominant land use function of sub-district units,the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of carbon emissions of these sub-district units from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed.The results show that:1)The carbon emissions of sub-districts in the central urban area are generally decreasing,but the carbon reduction effects of different streets vary significantly;2)The dominant land use functions of sub-district units are divided into 5 single functional units and 10 mixed functional units,and their carbon reduction effects vary;3)In terms of carbon reduction effect,when a single functional unit is transformed into a landscape leisure-oriented unit,the carbon reduction effect is most significant,while when a mixed functional unit is transformed into a single functional unit dominated by commercial,residential,industrial or public services,the carbon reduction effect is somewhat inhibited;4)High carbon emitting sub-district units dominated by public residential and commercial residential mixed functions have a clustering effect in space,while landscape leisure functions have a certain positive effect on maintaining the low-carbon emission status of sub-district units.