《小孙屠》物量词研究

A Study of the Quantifiers of the Xiao Sun Tu

《小孙屠》为元代作品,摘自现存最早的南戏戏本《永乐大典戏文三种》,当中戏文未经人妄改,是保存最为原始的语料。本文将结合古代汉语语法知识,首先对《小孙屠》戏文中的所有物量词进行统计,然后从量词的语法功能进行分析,再与元代《张协状元》中物量词进行对比,进行历时考查,从而探讨“文言”向“白话”转变时期量词的发展特点,即窥视宋元时期量词发展特点。

“Xiao Sun Tu”is the work of the Yuan Dynasty,extracted from the earliest existing Southern Opera playbook“three types of Yongle Dadian theater and literature”,in which the play text has not been altered by anyone,and it is the most primitive corpus to be preserved.In this paper,the author combines the knowledge of ancient Chinese grammar to firstly count all the quantifiers in the play“Xiao Sun Tu”.Firstly,all the quantifiers in the play“Xiao Sun Tu”are counted,secondly,the grammatical functions of quantifiers are analyzed,and then compared with the quantifiers in“Zhang Xie Scholar”of the Yuan Dynasty.The author conducted a chronological examination so as to explore the development characteristics of quantifiers during the period of the transformation from“literary”to“vernacular”,that is to say,to have a peep into the characteristics of quantifiers development in Song and Yuan Dynasties.