壳聚糖支架在周围神经修复中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on Application of Chitosan Scaffold in Peripheral Nerve Repair

天然高分子材料壳聚糖具有生物相容性好、降解行为安全和免疫原性低等优点,被广泛应用于组织工程的多个领域。在神经组织工程中,利用壳聚糖构建不同形式神经工程支架,模拟周围神经天然结构、引导缺损神经再生已成为当前周围神经修复的主要研究方向。本文综述了不同形式壳聚糖支架(水凝胶、薄膜、微球、导管)在周围神经损伤修复中的应用及研究进展,并对存在的问题和未来研究方向进行了探讨,为促进壳聚糖神经组织工程支架的研究和临床应用提供了思路。

Chitosan,a natural polymer,is widely used in various fields of tissue engineering due to its excellent biocompatibility,safe degradation behavior,and low immunogenicity.Research indicates that both chitosan and its degradation products exhibit potential interactions with cells related to nerve regeneration and the neural microenvironment.This interaction contributes to enhancing axonal regeneration while minimizing neuroma formation.Consequently,researchers have focused on designing diverse scaffold forms using chitosan as the fundamental material for addressing different types of peripheral nerve injuries.These advancements lay a foundation for the prospective application of chitosan scaffolds in peripheral nerve repair.In neural tissue engineering,chitosan is utilized to construct different forms of neural tissue engineering scaffolds,mimicking the natural structure of peripheral nerves and guiding the regeneration of damaged nerves,which has become the main research direction in peripheral nerve repair.This review delves into the multifaceted applications and burgeoning advancements surrounding various chitosan scaffolds,ranging from hydrogels,films,microspheres,to conduits-in the context of peripheral nerve injury rehabilitation.Moreover,it meticulously scrutinizes extant challenges and envisages future research trajectories, thereby offering valuable insights to propel the exploration and eventual clinical integration of chitosan-based neural tissue engineering scaffolds.