PVDF基储能电介质的设计及性能调控相关进展

Progress on Material Design and Performance Regulation of PVDF-Based Energy Storage Dielectrics

聚合物基介电电容器因具有击穿场强高、介电损耗低、自愈性好以及良好的可加工性等优势,成为了电子电力系统中重要的储能元器件。然而,聚合物的相对介电常数和放电能量密度较低,极大地限制了聚合物基固态电容器向小型化方向发展。因此,提高聚合物相对介电常数,研发高放电能量密度和高储能效率的聚合物基电容器成为了迫切需求。聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)以其良好的介电性能和较高的放电能量密度成为研究的热点。本文从电介质的储能原理出发,综述了近年来PVDF基纳米复合电介质材料的设计及其性能调控的主要方案:(1)聚合物+无机高介电纳米填料;(2)聚合物+无机低介电纳米填料;(3)聚合物+金属纳米粒子。本文为进一步提高聚合物基电介质的储能性能提供了重要参考。

Polymer-based dielectric capacitors have become important energy storage components in electronic power systems attributed to their high breakdown strength,low dielectric loss,good self-healing characteristics and easy-processability.However,the poor dielectric constant and energy storage density of polymers severely limit further practical applications of polymer-based film capacitors.Therefore,it is critical to enhance the dielectric constant as well as the energy density and the energy storage efficiency of polymer-based capacitors.Polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF)has become a hot research topic due to its good dielectric properties and high discharged energy density.Beginning with the energy storage principle of dielectrics,three major schemes for the material design and the performance regulation of PVDF-based nanocomposite dielectrics are reviewed:(1)polymers+inorganic high-dielectric nanofillers;(2)polymers+inorganic low-dielectric nanofillers;(3)polymers+metal nanoparticles.This review provides an important reference for further improving the energy storage performance of polymer-based dielectric capacitors.