蜡样芽孢杆菌及其毒素的核酸分子检测技术研究进展

Research Progress in Nucleic Acid Molecular Detection Techniques for Bacillus cereus and Its Toxins

蜡样芽孢杆菌是最常见的食源性致病菌之一,通过产生肠毒素和呕吐毒素对食品安全和人体健康造成极大危害,及时、准确地检测蜡样芽孢杆菌对保障食品质量和防控食源性疾病具有重要意义。近年来,核酸分子检测技术成为新兴研究热点和关键分析手段。本文综述了蜡样芽孢杆菌及其毒素检测中常用的以聚合酶链式反应为基础的核酸变温扩增技术和丰富多样的恒温扩增技术,详细介绍了以核酸适配体为代表的功能核酸筛选方法以及新兴核酸适配体检测技术的研究进展,旨在为蜡样芽孢杆菌及其毒素快速分析与鉴定方法的开发与应用提供参考。

Bacillus cereus is one of the most common foodborne pathogenic bacteria,whose pathogenic strains cause great harm to food safety and human health by producing enterotoxins and emetic toxins.Timely and accurate detection is of great significance to ensure food quality and to prevent and control foodborne diseases.In recent years,nucleic acid molecular detection technology has become an emerging research hotspot and key analytical method.In this paper,both nucleic acid thermal amplification techniques based on polymerase chain reaction and a variety of isothermal amplification techniques commonly used for the detection of Bacillus cereus and its toxins were reviewed.A detailed introduction to the selection methods for functional nucleic acids represented by nucleic acid aptamers was provided and the research progress of emerging nucleic acid aptamer-based detection technologies was summarized,with the aim of providing reference for the development and application of rapid analysis and identification methods for Bacillus cereus and its toxins.