智慧城市发展会提升居民幸福感吗?——基于中国健康与养老追踪调查数据的实证分析

Will the Development of Smart Cities Enhance Residents’Sense of Happiness?--An Empirical Analysis Based on China’s Health and Pension Tracking Survey Data

依据2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,考察智慧城市发展对居民幸福感的影响。结果显示,智慧城市发展通过改善城市空气质量,提高居民医疗满意度,增加公民互联网参与等提升居民幸福感,并且对中东部地区、高收入家庭、强政策支持力度城市的居民幸福感影响更大。在采用“所在地区与杭州的球面距离”以及“所在地区与省会的球面距离”作为工具变量进行内生性检验后,结论依旧稳健。鉴于此,应重点关注城市居民的民生问题,警惕智慧城市发展中的“数字鸿沟”,缩小地区数字基础设施差距,提升居民幸福感。

This paper uses the 2018 China Smart City Development Level Index to investigate the impact of smart city development on residents’happiness.It is found that the development of smart cities can significantly enhance the happiness of residents,and has a greater impact on the happiness of residents in the central and eastern regions,high-income families,and cities with strong policy support.After endogeneity treatment using“the spherical distance between the region and Hangzhou”and“the spherical distance between the region and the provincial capital”as instrumental variables,the conclusion remains robust.Mechanism analysis shows that the development of smart cities can improve residents’happiness by improving urban air quality,improving residents’medical satisfaction and increasing citizens'Internet participation.In view of this,we should focus on the livelihood issues of urban residents,be vigilant about the“digital divide”in the development of smart cities,narrow the gap in regional digital infrastructure,and enhance the happiness of residents.