高海拔潮气量双环PID控制系统研究

Research on dual-loop PID control system for tidal volume at high-altitude areas

为解决高海拔地区气压降低导致急救呼吸机潮气量控制精度下降的问题,提出了双环PID潮气量控制系统。该系统采用气压补偿型PID控制器调整风机转速,并辅以积分分离式PID控制器,以实现对气流速度的精确控制。在实际海拔4370 m、大气压59 kPa的环境中,系统性能测试表明,相较于单环PID控制,双环控制系统在高海拔条件下表现出快速响应和无超调的卓越性能。平均气流速度输出误差为3.19%,最大误差为4.1%,优于现有临床设备的准确性。这一技术突破不仅提供了高海拔急救呼吸机潮气量控制的有效解决方案,也为特殊环境下的通气控制技术发展贡献了重要参考。

To solve the problem of low control accuracy of the tidal volume emergency ventilation for lower air pressure at high altitudes,we propose a dual-loop PID tidal volume control system,which utilizes a pressure-compensated PID controller to adjust fan speed,supplemented by an integral-separate PID controller in order to achieve precise control of airflow velocity.Compared with single-loop PID control,the rapid response and no overshooting are observed in the performance tests of the dual-loop control system at an altitude of 4370 m and atmospheric pressure of 59 kPa,in addition,the output error of the average airflow velocity decrease to 3.19%(the maximum error is 4.1%),which is superior to that of current clinical equipment.Our work offers an effective solution for high-altitude emergency ventilator tidal volume control,and contributes important insights to the development of ventilation control technology in special environments.