我国台湾地区安宁疗护的发展现状及启示

Development and Implications of Hospice Care in Taiwan, China

对我国台湾地区安宁疗护政策、实践数据及相关文献梳理分析,发现其伦理争议主要聚焦在患者的善终和医疗自主权益该如何得到保证,以及安宁疗护能否实现尊严死亡两方面。通过在全社会普及生死教育形成对安宁疗护的伦理认知基础,通过地方性立法规范避免伦理争议走向失度,通过对服务品质的稽核和提升促进伦理共识的形成和稳定,是我国台湾地区安宁疗护事业从伦理困境到实践致用的逻辑路径。对于当前我国各安宁疗护试点城市,以上三点经验值得借鉴。

This study conducts a comprehensive analysis of hospice care policies,practice data,and relevant literature in Taiwan,China.It finds that the ethical controversies of the hospice care mainly focus on how to ensure patient's right to a peaceful death and medical autonomy,as well as whether hospice care can achieve dignified death.The logical path for the hospice care of Taiwan,China,is from ethical dilemma to practical application,through promoting life and death education throughout society to form an ethical cognitive foundation,enacting local legislation to regulate and prevent ethical disputes,and enhancing service quality to foster ethical consensus.These experiences are valuable for current hospice care pilot cities in China.