直接还原铁对电炉炼钢及碳排放的影响研究现状

CURRENT RESEARCH STATUS ON THE IMPACT OF DIRECT REDUCED IRON ON ELECTRIC FURNACE STEELMAKING AND CARBON EMISSIONS

电炉使用直接还原铁(DRI)工艺是钢铁工业实现可持续发展、节能减排和环境友好发展的前沿技术之一,对实现“碳达峰”和“碳中和”有很好的促进作用。直接还原铁中残余元素和有害元素质量分数较低,并且适合大规模生产,常作为电炉冶炼高品质优质钢的钢铁原料。在世界范围内,电炉炼钢通常使用一定比例的直接还原铁,电炉炼钢使用直接还原铁也是中国钢铁工业可持续发展的必然选择。着重介绍了直接还原铁质量(直接还原铁中脉石质量分数、碳质量分数、金属化率、粒度和密度)对电炉工序指标(渣量、电耗、电极消耗等)的影响;研究了直接还原铁对钢水残余元素和P、S质量分数的稀释作用;阐述了电炉使用直接还原铁对钢水氮质量分数的影响机理。对比了电炉使用直接还原铁短流程炼钢工艺和高炉-转炉长流程炼钢工艺对CO_(2)排放量的影响。同时,介绍了国内外钢厂电炉使用DRI的情况,为国内外电炉使用直接还原铁冶炼控制提供了参考。

The use of direct reduced iron(DRI)technology in electric furnaces is one of the cutting-edge technologies for sustainable development,energy conservation and emission reduction,and environmentally friendly development of the steel industry.It has a good promoting effect on achieving"carbon peak"and"carbon neutrality".Direct reduction iron has a low mass fraction of residual and harmful elements,and is suitable for large-scale production.It is often used as a steel raw material for electric furnace smelting of high-quality steel.Worldwide,a certain proportion of direct reduction iron is usually used in electric furnace steelmaking.The use of direct reduction iron in electric furnace steelmaking is also an inevitable choice for the sustainable development of China's steel industry.But the emphasis was placed on the impact of the quality of direct reduced iron(including the mass fraction of gangue,carbon,metallization rate,particle size,and density)on the process indicators of electric furnace(slag amount,electricity consumption,electrode consumption,etc.).Studied the dilution effect of direct reduced iron on residual elements and P,S mass fractions in molten steel.This article elaborates on the mechanism of the influence of direct reduced iron on the nitrogen mass fraction of molten steel in electric furnaces.The impact of using direct reduction iron short process steelmaking technology and blast furnace converter long process steelmaking technology on CO_(2) emissions was compared in electric furnaces.At the same time,the use of DRI in electric furnaces of steel mills at home and abroad was introduced,providing a reference for the control of direct reduced iron smelting in electric furnaces at home and abroad.