基于VISSIM仿真的城市信号交叉口优化设计

Optimization Design of Urban Signal Intersections Based on VISSIM Simulation

信号交叉口是限制车流消散的主要瓶颈,是导致城市道路交通拥堵的主要节点,对其优化设计逐渐成为研究热点。针对南京市中央路-湖南路交叉口存在的转弯半径过小、交通流量饱和、路口间距过短等问题,提出渠化车道、增加禁止掉头标志、增加相邻路口右转信号控制、增加相邻路口相位的优化方案,运用韦伯斯特模型计算各相位的信号配时方案,使用VISSIM仿真软件对设计方案实施前后的效果进行对比。结果表明:实施优化方案后,平均排队长度由12.96 m减少为11.3 m,减少12.81%;车辆平均延误由44.36 s减少到39.48 s,减少11%;平均停车次数由1.15次减少到0.96次,减少16.52%。对南京市中央路-湖南路交叉口提出的优化方案是合理的、有效的,研究结果对方案落地实施具有指导作用。

Signalized intersections are the main bottleneck limiting the dissipation of traffic flow and the main node causing urban road traffic congestion.Optimizing their design has gradually become a research hotspot.In response to the problems of small turning radius,saturated traffic flow,and short in-tersection spacing at the intersection of Nanjing Central Road and Hunan Road,an optimization plan is proposed,which includes channelization of lanes,adding no turning signs,increasing right turn signal control at adjacent intersections,and increasing adjacent intersection phases.The signal timing plans for each phase are calculated using the Webster model,and the VISSIM simulation software is used to compare the effectiveness of the design before and after implementation.The results show that after im-plementing the optimization plan,the average queue length decreased from 12.96 m to 11.3 m,a decrease of 12.81%;The average delay of vehicles decreased from 44.36 seconds to 39.48 seconds,a decrease of 11%;The average number of stops decreased from 1.15 to 0.96,a decrease of 16.52%.The optimization plan proposed for the intersection of Central Road and Hunan Road in Nanjing is reason-able and effective,and the research results have guiding significance for the implementation of the plan.