道举与唐代文人的文学创作

Daoju and Literary Creation of Tang Dynasty Literati

道经取士的道举制度自开元二十九年始,在唐代施行了一百多年。作为联结官方崇道政策与文人读书做官的关键环节之一,道举为熟读指定道教经典、深谙老庄要义的文人提供了一条仕进途径。分析有史可考的近三十位经由道举入仕的文人资料,可以发现他们的文坛交游涉及一些直接描写道举活动的作品,他们的人生经历与文学创作则或深或浅地留有道教文化的印记。道举影响了这一文人群体的外在文化特征和内在精神品格,这在他们的文学创作中有鲜明的体现。以盛唐至中唐时期的文坛大家独孤及为例,其文学创作的题材内涵与内容风格深受道举经历影响,而他表达个人思想和抒发个人情感的作品则蕴含着丰富的道家文化精神。

The Daoju system,which selected officials based on their knowledge of Taoist classics,was implemented during Tang Dynasty for over a century,starting from the twenty-ninth year of the Kaiyuan era.Serving as a crucial link between the promotion in government authority of Taoist policy and the aspirations of scholars to become officials,Daoju provided a pathway for literati who were well-versed in designated Taoist classics and had a deep understanding of the essence of Laozi and Zhuangzi.By analyzing the historical records of nearly thirty literati who entered the officialdom through the Daoju system,it can be observed that their literary creations also bear varying degrees of influence from Taoist culture.The Daoju system influenced the external cultural characteristics and internal spiritual qualities of this group of literati,which is distinctively reflected in their literary works.Taking the renowned literary figure Dugu Ji as an example,who lived during the prosperous and middle Tang Dynasty,the themes and content style of his literary creations were deeply influenced by his Daoju experience.Moreover,his works expressing personal thoughts and emotions were imbued with rich Taoist cultural spirit.