微塑料的污染现状及去除工艺研究进展

Pollution Status and Removal Process of Microplastics

近年来微塑料污染对环境的影响逐渐引起人们的重视,在不同空间尺度、环境介质以及与常见环境污染物质的作用机理等相关研究也逐渐增多,通过查阅微塑料环境危害以及处理的诸多文献,对其污染及去除工艺的进展进行研究。结果显示,微塑料流入环境会造成生态系统功能的破坏、富集有机物流入食物链最终危害人体健康等危害,并且对不同水体造成了不同程度的危害,现我国水处理工艺中没有特定去除微塑料的工艺,对微塑料的去除仅依赖于传统工艺,虽然有资料显示去除效率可以达到90%,但是污水量巨大,仍然有大量的微塑料流入水环境。从国内不同水处理厂、不同水处理工艺对微塑料的去除效率,从而引出当前国内外对微塑料处理的技术,为我国水处理厂对微塑料去除提供参考。

In recent years,the impact of microplastic pollution on the environment has gradually entered people s vision,and the related studies on different spatial scales,environmental media and the mechanism of action with common environmental pollutants have gradually increased.The progress of pollution and removal process of microplastics was studied by referring to many literatures on environmental hazards and treatment technology of microplastics.The results of the research show that microplastics can cause damage to the ecosystem function,and eventually harm human health through organic matter flowing into the food chain,and cause different degrees of harm to different water bodies.At present,there is no specific method for removal of microplastics in water treatment technology of our country,the removal of microplastics relies only on the traditional process.Although some data show that removal efficiency can reach 90%,but the sewage volume is huge,and still a large number of microplastics flow into the water environment.By analyzing the removal efficiency of microplastics in different domestic water treatment plants and different water treatment processes,the current domestic and foreign microplastics treatment technologies were introduced,and the reference was provided for the removal of microplastics in China s water treatment plants.