央地关系视角下国家公园自然资源产权制度的完善

Improving the natural resource property rights system of national parks from the perspective of central-local relations

【目的】阐明央地关系在国家公园自然资源产权制度建设中的关键作用,并针对其完善路径与方法展开探索,以解决当前国家公园自然资源产权制度存在的不足,并推动国家公园的可持续发展。【方法】首先基于经济学的产权理论,对央地关系与国家公园自然资源产权制度的相互交织关系进行了深入探究,为后续研究提供理论基础;其次,通过实证研究,对国家公园自然资源产权制度的现状进行全面透视和分析,揭示存在的不足之处,如事权和财权配置不清晰、不均衡以及权责交叉重叠等。在此基础上,进一步探讨构建央地协同共治机制以解决上述问题。【结果】优化国家公园自然资源产权制度需要央地各方积极参与,明确组织结构和职权划分。中央政府和地方政府需在权力分配、政策制定与执行、资源开发与保护以及利益分配等方面实现协同与合作。【结论】构建央地共同参与治理的新机制将有效促进国家公园自然资源的合理利用和可持续保护。本研究强调了央地关系在国家公园自然资源产权制度中的重要地位,也为新时代国家公园体制建设提供了理论依据和制度建议。然而未来需要进行更深入的实证分析研究,以进一步完善本课题的研究内容。

【Objectives】This study aimed to elucidate the crucial role of central-local relations in the construction of property rights systems for natural resources in national parks and explore strategies for its refinement to rectify the existing inadequacies and promote sustainable development of national parks.【Methods】To achieve this objective,the paper first delved into the intertwined relationship between central-local relations and the property rights system of natural resources in national parks based on property rights theory in economics,laying a theoretical foundation for subsequent research.Second,through empirical research,it provided a comprehensive inspection and analysis of the current state of the property rights system of natural resources in national parks,revealing deficiencies such as unclear and unbalanced allocations of authority and financial rights,and overlaps of responsibilities.On this basis,it further discussed the construction of a central-local collaborative governance mechanism to address these problems.【Results】The study found that optimizing the property rights system for natural resources in national parks required active participation from both central and local authorities,with clear organizational structures and division of powers.The central and local governments needed to achieve coordination and cooperation in aspects such as power distribution,policy formulation and implementation,resource development and protection,and benefit distribution.【Conclustions】Therefore,constructing a new mechanism of governance involving both central and local participation will effectively promote the rational utilization and sustainable protection of natural resources in national parks.This research underscored the importance of central-local relations in the property rights system of natural resources in national parks and provided theoretical backing and institutional recommendations for the construction of national park systems in the new era.However,more in-depth empirical analysis could be required in the future to further refine the contents of this study.