非充分就业新常态及其收入分配

An Exploration into the New Normal and Income Distribution of Non-full Employment

就业问题一直是一个世界难题。本研究基于人类社会经济的发展趋势提出非充分就业新常态概念,即一个经济社会生产的自动化和智能化使劳动生产率不断提高,从而只需部分社会成员就业就可使得全部成员获得充足的生活资料。研究认为,当下社会生产过程的机械化和自动化对体力劳动的取代、人工智能技术对脑力劳动的取代,以及发达国家和地区工作时间的普遍减少都是向非充分就业新常态过渡的表现。研究分析了非充分就业新常态下的收入分配,侧重讨论了研发人员和企业家的收入分配,认为非充分就业新常态下需要政府通过转移支付实现收入分配的平衡。鉴于此,研究建议未来的经济学研究要关注非充分就业新常态下的收入分配,及时调整经济政策,进一步研究自然失业率,重新审视老龄化带来的危机。

Employment has always been a global issue.This study,based on the development trend of human social economy,proposes the concept of non-full employment new normal,i.e.,while the continuous development of automation and intelligence in economic and social production has increased labor productivity,only a portion of social members need to be employed to ensure that all members can obtain suffi cient living materials.The study posits that the mechanization and automation of the current social production process in substitution of physical labor,the substitution of artifi cial intelligence technology for mental labor,and the universal reduction of working hours in developed countries and regions are all manifestations of the transition to the new normal of non-full employment.This study,by analyzing the income distribution under the new normal of non-full employment,especially focusing on discussing the income distribution of R & D personnel and entrepreneurs,points out that the government needs to achieve income distribution balance through transfer payments under the new normal of non-full employment.It is suggested that future economic research should focus on income distribution under the new normal of non-full employment,adjusting economic policies in a timely manner,further looking into the natural unemployment rate,and re-examining the crisis brought about by aging.