论“儿童乐园”办园理念的内涵、困惑与改革路径

On the Connotation,Puzzlement and Reform Path of the Garden Management Concept of“Children's Paradise”

幼儿园教育源于谋求幼儿快乐而自由的发展,从而建构了顺应自然且生活化的教育内容,创设富有教育意义的家庭式环境,采取符合幼儿天性与发展规律的活动方式。随着社会对个体认知发展要求的日益凸显,为未来生活做准备成为幼儿园的教育目标,建构了分科而系统的知识课程体系,忽视儿童个性化发展的集体教学,重视知识结果导向的外部评价,走向了创建严肃学园的道路,从而背离了幼儿教育的本质。在新时代背景下“如何培养人”成为幼儿园教育改革的新课题,也成为幼儿园教育高质量发展的内涵追求。幼儿园教育改革就是不断追求幼儿教育的本质,改革的路径就是创建儿童乐园,创建生活乐园、学习乐园和游戏乐园。

Rooted in the pursuit of joyful and free development for young children,kindergarten education has constructed an education content that aligns with nature and daily life.It establishes a family like environment that is educationally meaningful and adopts activities in accordance with the natural tendencies and developmental patterns of children.With the increasing emphasis on individual cognitive development in society,preparing children for future life has become a goal of kindergarten education.This led to the construction of specialized and systematic knowledge curricula,the implementation of collective teaching that overlooks individualized development,and an emphasis on externally assessed knowledge outcomes.This path has steered towards the creation of serious academic institutions,deviating from the essence of early childhood education.In the context of the new era,“how to cultivate individuals”has become a new subject of kindergarten education reform and a pursuit for the intrinsic development of high quality kindergarten education.Clearly,kindergarten education reform is an ongoing pursuit of the essence of early childhood education,and the path of reform is the creation of a children's paradise,life paradise,learning paradise and play paradise.