乳酸、白蛋白及其比值在ICU高致死率疾病中的应用进展

Application of Lactate,Albumin and Its Ratio in High Mortality of ICU Diseases

乳酸(Lac)是细胞通过无氧代谢而产生的重要产物,在组织灌注不足、缺氧时Lac水平会逐渐升高,临床上多与患者的不良预后相关。白蛋白(Alb)由肝脏合成,主要作用是维持血浆胶体渗透压,评价营养状态。目前,血清Lac、Alb及其比值的研究多集中于重症肺炎、脓毒症、急性肾损伤等重症监护病房(ICU)高致死率疾病中,三者的研究结果均与疾病的演变相关,可作为有效指标辅助诊治。但Lac、Alb及其比值在不同疾病的诊断、预后评估、病情监测等方面所涉及的调节机制、临床运用有所不同。本文通过阅读国内外相关文献,总结Lac、Alb及其比值在临床疾病中的最新研究成果,以期为ICU高致死率疾病的诊断及预后等方面提供参考。

Lactate(Lac)is an important product of cells produced by anaerobic metabolism.Lac levels will gradually increase during insufficient tissue perfusion and hypoxia,which is often clinically related to the poor prognosis of patients.Albumin(Alb)is synthesized by the liver.Its main role is to maintain plasma colloid osmotic pressure and evaluate its nutritional status.At present,the studies of serum Lac,Alb and their ratio are mostly focused on Intensive Care Units(ICU)high mortality diseases such as severe pneumonia,sep⁃sis and acute kidney injury.The results of the three studies are all related to the evolution of the disease and can be used as effective indicators to assist diagnosis and treatment.However,Lac,Alb and its ratios have differ⁃ent regulatory mechanisms and clinical applications in the diagnosis,prognosis evaluation,disease monitoring and other aspects of different diseases.This paper reads the relevant literature at home and abroad,and summa⁃rizes the latest research results of Lac,Alb and their ratio in clinical diseases,in order to provide reference for the diagnosis and prognosis of high fatal diseases in ICU.