microRNAs在儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染中调控作用的研究进展

Advances in the regulation of microRNAs in respiratory syncytial virus infection in children

呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是儿童急性下呼吸道感染最常见的病原体,对儿童的健康构成严重威胁,但其病理机制仍不明确,目前仍然没有有效预防和治疗呼吸道合胞病毒的方法。RSV是具有包膜单负链RNA病毒,编码11种蛋白质,这些蛋白质是诱导气道高反应性(AHR)的关键因素。微小RNA(miRNAs)近来被认为是基因表达调控因子,通过调节炎症反应和免疫细胞功能以及气道上皮细胞的宿主免疫反应,在病毒感染中发挥调控作用。本文综述了miRNAs在RSV感染中调控作用的研究进展,旨在为RSV的致病机制、诊断及治疗提供新思路。

Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)is the most common pathogen of acute lower respira⁃tory infections in children and poses a serious health risk.However,its pathogenesis remains unclear,and ef⁃fective prevention or treatment for RSV is still lacking.RSV is an enveloped single⁃negative⁃stranded RNA vi⁃rus that encodes 11 proteins,which are key factors in inducing airway hyper reactivity(AHR).MicroRNAs(miRNAs)have recently been recognized as regulators of gene expression and play a crucial role in viral infec⁃tions by modulating inflammatory responses,immune cell function,and host immune responses in airway epi⁃thelial cells.This paper reviews the research progress on the regulatory role of miRNAs in RSV infection,aim⁃ing to provide new insights for understanding the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of RSV.