慢性咳嗽儿童患者外周血Th1/Th2平衡与呼出气一氧化氮的相关性研究

Correlation between Th1/Th2 balance in peripheral blood and fractional exhaled nitric oxide in children with chronic cough

目的分析慢性咳嗽儿童患者外周血辅助性T细胞1(Th1)/辅助性T细胞2(Th2)平衡与呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)的相关性。方法选取2021年2月至2022年7月沧州市人民医院收治的慢性咳嗽儿童为研究对象为研究组(n=194),另选同期在本院体检肺功能正常的健康儿童为对照组(n=100)。比较两组外周血的Th1、Th2、Th1/Th2以及Th1类细胞因子[干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素2(IL-2)]、Th2类细胞因子[白细胞介素4(IL-4)、白细胞介素5(IL-5)]水平;比较两组FeNO水平差异;采用Pearson相关系数分析外周血Th1/Th2平衡及其细胞因子与FeNO的关系。结果研究组外周血的Th1、Th1/Th2、IFN-γ、IL-2水平均低于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(t=15.170、16.347、15.785、15.815,均P<0.05);研究组外周血的Th2、IL-4、IL-5水平均高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(t=8.313、16.911、17.518,均P<0.05);研究组的FeNO水平高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(t=10.897,P<0.05);Pearson相关系数分析结果显示,外周血Th1/Th2、IFN-γ、IL-2与FeNO呈负相关(P<0.05),IL-4、IL-5与FeNO呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论慢性咳嗽患儿体内FeNO水平升高可能与外周血Th1/Th2失衡有关。

Objective To analyze the correlation between helper T cell 1(Th1)/helper T cell 2(Th2)balance in peripheral blood and fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO)in children with chronic cough.Methods Children with chronic cough who were admitted to Cangzhou People's Hospital from February 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the study subjects and referred to as the research group(n=194).Healthy children with normal lung function in our hospital during the same period were chosen as the control group(n=100).The levels of Th1,Th2,Th1/Th2 and Th1 cytokines[interferon⁃γ(IFN⁃γ),interleukin2(IL⁃2)]and Th2 cyto⁃kines[interleukin4(IL⁃4),interleukin5(IL⁃5)]in peripheral blood of the two groups were compared.FeNO levels were compared between the two groups.The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the rela⁃tionship between Th1/Th2 balance and FeNO in peripheral blood.Results The levels of Th1,Th1/Th2,IFN⁃γand IL⁃2 in the peripheral blood of the study group were lower than those of the control group,with statistical significance(t=15.170,16.347,15.785,15.815,P<0.05).Th2,IL⁃4 and IL⁃5 levels in the peripheral blood of the study group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=8.313,16.911,17.518,P<0.05).The FeNO level in the research group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(t=10.897,P<0.05).Pearson correlation coefficient anal⁃ysis showed that Th1/Th2,IFN⁃γand IL⁃2 in peripheral blood were negatively correlated with FeNO(P<0.05),while IL⁃4 and IL⁃5 were positively correlated with FeNO(P<0.05).Conclusion The elevated FeNO levels in children with chronic cough may be related to an imbalance of Th1/Th2 cells in the peripheral blood.