土壤微生物和酶活性对冻融循环的响应

A Responses of soil microbe and enzyme activities to freeze-thaw cycles:a review

土壤冻融循环广泛存在于中、高纬度及高海拔地区,对土壤微生物、土壤酶活性、土壤养分转化及农业生产产生重要影响。本文基于国内外冻融模拟与野外原位试验研究结果,从冻融强度和频次角度阐述了冻融循环对土壤微生物群落结构、组成和土壤酶活性的影响,并分析了秸秆还田后土壤微生物及土壤酶活性对冻融循环的响应机制,提出了未来的研究应注重利用野外实测与室内模拟相互佐证的方法,加强对生长季和非生长季土壤碳库、微生物多样性及土壤酶活性的系统研究。

Soil freeze-thaw cycles occur widely in mid-high-latitude and high-altitude areas,which expose significant impacts on soil microorganisms,soil enzyme activities,soil nutrient transformation and agricultural production.This paper presents an analysis based on field in-situ experiments and simulation under freeze-thaw actions,with focuses on the effect of freeze-thaw cycles on the community structure and composition of soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activities from the perspective of intensity and frequency.Furthermore,the paper analyzes the response mechanism of soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activities to freeze-thaw cycles after incorporating straw to the field.The paper proposes that future research should prioritize the use of field measurements and indoor simulation to mutually validate results,and strengthen the systematic studies of soil carbon pools,microbial diversity,and soil enzyme activities in both the growing season and non-growing seasons.