时间副词“将”相对将来时用法的量化分析

An Analysis of the Relative Future Time Reference of Temporal Adverb"Jiang"

对史传类语料中时间副词“将”相对将来时用法的量化分析显示,相对将来时也是情态义与时间参照义的复合,但不以预测为焦点语义。“将”在历时上呈现出从意向义向时间参照义发展、从近将来向远将来发展的趋势,具有从属小句的用法但未发展到从属情态的用法,符合类型学中将来时语义演变的一般规律。从“将”的量化分析来看,相对将来时仍然可以归为比较概念意义上的将来时。

The quantitative analysis of the use of the temporal adverb"Jiang"in the historical biography context shows that the relative future time reference is also a compound of modality and time reference,but it does not focus on prediction.It shows a trend of developing from intention to relative future time reference and from near future to distant future.It is in the stage of subordinate uses without developing to subordinating mood yet,which accords with the general principle of the future grammaticalization in typology.Relative future time reference can still be classified as a comparative concept of future.