大气污染对中老年人生物学衰老影响的系统综述

Association between ambient air pollution and biological aging among the middle-aged and older adults:a systematic review

目的系统评价大气污染对中老年人多种生物学衰老标志物的影响。方法以“大气污染”“生物学年龄”“Air pollution”“Biological age”“Epigenetic age”“Biological aging”“Epigenetic aging”以及具体的大气污染物和生物学年龄名称为关键词,通过检索英文数据库PubMed、Web of Science和中国知网、万方、维普、中国生物医学文献、中国科学技术论文等中文数据库收集大气污染对生物学年龄影响的关系研究,检索时间为建库至2023年6月30日,语种限定为中文和英文。结果共纳入14篇文献,5项研究探讨了大气污染对不同算法的DNA甲基化年龄的影响,6项研究探讨了大气污染物和端粒长度的关系,6项以衰弱为结局,另有1项研究揭示了细颗粒物(PM_(2.5))及其组分与复合指标年龄(KDM年龄)的关系。结果提示,虽然不同的生物学年龄对不同大气污染物的敏感度不同,既往相关研究一致发现PM2.5及其黑碳(BC)组分的浓度增加可显著加速中老年人生物学衰老水平,而氮氧化物(NO_(x))以及臭氧(O_(3))等主要气态污染物虽然存在一定的衰老加速作用,但研究证据较为有限。结论主要大气污染物可加速中老年人衰老水平。

Objective To summarize and elucidate the impact of ambient air pollution on biological aging among middle-aged and older adults.Methods"Air pollution""Biological age""Epigenetic age""Biological aging"and"Epigenetic aging",as well as specific names of air pollutants and biological age were used as search keywords.This study searched the databases of PubMed and Web of Science for eligible English articles and CNKI,CQVIP,Wanfang,CBM,CSTP and other Chinese databases for eligible Chinese articles from inception until June 30,2023.The language was limited to Chinese and English.Results Among the 14 included articles,five studies investigated the impact of air pollution on DNA methylation age using different algorithms,while six studies explored the relationship between air pollutants and telomere length.Six studies focused on frailty as an outcome,and an additional study revealed the relationship between fine particulate matter(PM2.5)and its components with composite indicator age(KDM age).The results indicated that,although different forms of biological ages were susceptible to different ambient air pollutants at different degrees,previous studies had consistently found that the increased levels of PM_(2.5)and one of its major components,black carbon(BC),could significantly accelerate the biological aging of middle-aged and older adults.Similar trends were observed with nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and ozone(O_(3))but with relatively limited evidence.Conclusion Major air pollutants could accelerate the biological aging of middle-aged and older adults.