以思维导图为基础的个性化心理护理方案对超声内镜检查患者消极心理的改善效果

Effect of individualized psychological care plan based on mind mapping on improving negative psychological states in patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasonography

目的 探讨以思维导图为基础的个性化心理护理方案对超声内镜检查患者消极心理的改善效果。方法 选取2023-03—2023-09于河南省某三级甲等综合医院行超声内镜检查患者126例为研究对象,随机分为对照组和观察组各63例,其中对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上采用以思维导图为基础的个性化心理护理。比较2组患者的焦虑(汉密尔顿焦虑量表,HAMA)、抑郁(汉密尔顿抑郁量表,HAMD)、疾病不确定感(Mishel疾病不确定感量表,MUIS)、应激指标(心率、舒张压、收缩压)、检查不适程度(视觉模拟评分法)、检查配合度以及不良事件发生率。结果 干预后,观察组HAMA评分(15.97±2.15比19.58±1.98)、HAMD评分(15.68±3.05比18.63±3.19)均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组MUIS量表复杂性(12.68±2.05比17.85±2.68)、不明确性(25.14±3.46比32.05±3.52)、信息缺乏性(10.25±2.51比14.68±2.49)、不可预测性评分(11.65±1.64比13.09±1.38)均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。检查前30 min,观察组心率(94.26±2.48比106.47±3.76)、舒张压(85.74±3.64比98.38±3.72)、收缩压(116.95±3.54比132.66±3.75)均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组插镜时(2.85±0.52比3.38±0.54)及检查过程中(2.62±0.55比3.17±0.60)的不适评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组检查配合度显著高于对照组(98.41%比87.30%,P<0.05),不良事件发生率显著低于对照组(17.46%比46.03%,P<0.05)。结论 以思维导图为基础的个性化心理护理方案可有效改善超声内镜检查患者的消极心理,降低应激反应,提高检查配合度和舒适度,降低不良事件发生率。

Objective To investigate the effect of individualized psychological nursing plan based on mind mapping on the improvement of negative psychological states in patients undergoing endoscopic ultrasonography.Methods A total of 126 patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasonography in a tertiary general hospital in Henan Province from March 2023 to September 2023 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 63 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing,and the observation group received personalized psychological nursing based on mind map on the basis of the control group.The psychological states(Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),Hamilton depression scale(HAMD)),disease uncertainty(Mishel disease uncertainty scale(MUIS)),stress index(heart rate(HR),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),systolic blood pressure(SBP)),discomfort degree(visual analogue method(VAS)),check compatibility,adverse event rate were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the HAMA(15.97±2.15 vs 19.58±1.98)and HAMD(15.68±3.05 vs 18.63±3.19)scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The complexity(12.68±2.05vs 17.85±2.68),ambiguity(25.14±3.46 vs 32.05±3.52),lack of information(10.25±2.51 vs 14.68±2.49),and unpredictability scores(11.65±1.64 vs 13.09±1.38)of the MUIS scale in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Thirty minutes before examination,the heart rate(94.26±2.48 vs106.47±3.76),diastolic pressure(85.74±3.64 vs 98.38±3.72),and systolic pressure(116.95±3.54 vs 132.66±3.75)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The discomfort scores during intubation(2.85±0.52 vs 3.38±0.54)and examination process(2.62±0.55 vs 3.17±0.60)in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The compatibility of observation group was 98.41%,higher than that of control group(87.30%)(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse events in the observation group was 17.46%,which was lower than that in the control group(46.03%,P<0.05).Conclusion Individualized psychological nursing program based on mind map can effectively improve the fear of patients with endoscopic ultrasonography,reduce stress response,improve the cooperation and comfort of examination,and reduce the incidence of adverse events.